Instrumentation 6

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Microscopy is the study of objects or samples that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. There are several types of microscopy, each with its own advantages and limitations. Here are the main types of microscopy: 1. Optical microscopy: This is the most common type of microscopy, which uses visible light to illuminate a sample. Optical microscopy can be further divided into several subtypes, such as brightfield, darkfield, phase contrast, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy. Optical microscopy is a technique that uses visible light to observe the sample under a microscope. It consists of several components, including an objective lens, an eyepiece lens, and a light source. The working of optical microscopy involves the following steps. The sample to be viewed is prepared by fixing it onto a glass slide and adding a stain or dye to enhance its contrast. The light source, located beneath the sample, emits light that is directed through the condenser lens to focus the light o
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To isolate DNA from plant leaves.[Genomic DNA isolation using CTAB Method]

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Requirement and Chemical procedure:














Protocol:



DNA



DNA quality confirmation:




Sample put and run in gel electrophoresis unit 




Note:

 

During plant DNA isolation, a few things to remember for an error-free extraction.

Most important is cell lysis:

·       Cell lysis means the plant cells burst and then genetic material are exit from the cell.

·       When the plant leaves or other plant samples are grind properly with a grinding solution (not over grind/green color should be maintained).

·       One-star ingredient is silica powder and filtered sand, Both work as a cell burster. Silica or sand are involved in the cell lysis process as a time sever.

·       The sample keeps in a deep freezer for 30 min. before use. Why? Because all the cell fluid is crystal form and those crystals burst the plant cell and all genetic material can easily flow outside the cell during the lysis process.

·       Low temperature maintains during the centrifugation step or grinding step.

·       After centrifugation steps layers are formed in this stage very careful to discard supernatant or collect supernatant, layers should not merge during the prosses.














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