Instrumentation 6

-
Microscopy is the study of objects or samples that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. There are several types of microscopy, each with its own advantages and limitations. Here are the main types of microscopy: 1. Optical microscopy: This is the most common type of microscopy, which uses visible light to illuminate a sample. Optical microscopy can be further divided into several subtypes, such as brightfield, darkfield, phase contrast, fluorescence, and confocal microscopy. Optical microscopy is a technique that uses visible light to observe the sample under a microscope. It consists of several components, including an objective lens, an eyepiece lens, and a light source. The working of optical microscopy involves the following steps. The sample to be viewed is prepared by fixing it onto a glass slide and adding a stain or dye to enhance its contrast. The light source, located beneath the sample, emits light that is directed through the condenser lens to focus the light o...
Post a Comment

Impact studies on the growth of a Chlorella Sp. culture using NaNO3/KNO3 as nitrogen sources.

-

 


The green algae Chlorella sp pure cultures were developed and optimized in modified BG11 media for 24 days under laboratory conditions such as constant temperature (25±1˚C) and light (1000 µmol s-1m-2) 12hr light and 12hr dark periods. After that, axenic seed cultures (2 ml) were inoculated in two triplicate sets of 250 ml flasks containing 100 ml of modified media (Table 1&2). Then the experimental flasks were kept in laboratory conditions. During the cultivation culture, cell density (growth), biomass, and nutrient consumption were determined over the cultivation time.


Media formulation

BG11 is a well-known media for green microalgae cultivation. In this study, BG11 media composition was modified to grow Chlorella sp. The preparation of culture media (Tables 1&2) and the salinity (up to 10ppt). The media was divided into two parts, and each part was supplemented with two nitrate sources in the form of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) (20 mM) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) (20 mM).






Figure 1 UV-Vis spectral analysis of Chlorella sp. growth response in modified media during 24 days of cultivation (a) 6th day, (b) On 12th day, (c) On 18th day, (d) On 24th day.




Figure 2 Growth response of Chlorella Sp. in modified BG11 medium. 

(a) Biomass 

(b) Biomass-Specific growth rate.


Nutrient up-taking potential of Chlorella sp. during growth.

The isolated algae Chlorella Sp. has a great nutrient up-taking capacity. Especially, anions such as nitrates and phosphates concentrations were almost zero in culture media in the presence of Chlorella Sp. at the end of the cultivation (Fig. 3). In batch cultivation, the nitrate concentration declined from 8.2 mM to 0 mM during 24 days of cultivation (Fig.3a). Similarly, the phosphate concentration became zero within 12 days of cultivation (Fig. 3c). However, the nitrate concentration was fluctuated and did not show good linearity. It may be due to the decomposition of older cells by the action of intracellular biochemical or may be due to errors in nitrites estimation of Spent media of Chlorella sp. These results show that nitrate (NO3) and PO4 are the primary anions for green algae compared to NO2.

 


Figure 3 Nutrient consumption of Chlorella Sp during 24 days of cultivation

 (a) nitrate 

(b) nitrite 

(c) phosphate. 


Comments

Post a Comment

Please do not enter any spam link in the comment box.

Popular posts from this blog

PETase enzyme.

-
Image
  P lastic-eating bacteria are a type of microorganisms that have the ability to break down and consume plastic materials. These bacteria have the enzymes necessary to degrade plastic polymers, which are long chains of molecules that make up most plastic products. One type of plastic-eating bacteria is  Ideonella sakaiensis , which was discovered in 2016 in a plastic waste dump in Japan. This bacterium produces an enzyme called PETase, which can break down polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a common type of plastic used in water bottles and other products. Other types of plastic-eating bacteria have also been discovered, including species that can degrade polystyrene and polyurethane. While the discovery of these bacteria is promising for reducing plastic pollution, there is still much research to be done to understand how they can be used effectively and safely. It's worth noting that plastic pollution is a complex problem that requires multiple approaches to address, includin...
Read more

STD 12th/ Ch-2/ Flowering plants.

-
Image
1. Name the parts of an angiosperm flower in which development of male and female gametophyte place. In an angiosperm flower, the male and female gametophytes develop in different parts of the flower. Male gametophyte ( pollen grains ) develops in the anther , located at the tip of the stamen, the flower's male reproductive organ. Female gametophyte ( embryo sac ) develops in the ovule , which is located in the ovary, the female reproductive organ of the flower. 2. Differentiate between microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. Which type of cell division occurs during these events? Name the structures formed at the end of these two events? Fig: Microsporogenesis in detail Microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis are two different processes involved in the development of male and female gametophytes in plants.  Here are the differences between the two: Definition: Microsporogenesis refers to the process of formation of microspores or pollen grains in the anthers of a flower, wh...
Read more

Golden rice

-
Image
  Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice that has been engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A. This modification gives the rice a yellow or golden color, hence the name "golden rice." Golden rice aims to address vitamin A deficiency, a significant public health problem in many developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia and Africa.   Vitamin A is essential for human health, particularly for the proper immune system functioning and vision. However, many people in developing countries, particularly those who rely on rice as a staple food, do not have access to sufficient sources of vitamin A in their diet. This can lead to a range of health problems, including blindness, weakened immune systems, and even death.   Golden rice was developed in the late 1990s by a team of researchers led by Dr. Ingo Potrykus of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and Dr. Peter Beyer of the University of Freiburg in Germany. ...
Read more